The move is part of an effort by Democrats to draw Senate Republicans into the debate over the release of the Epstein files, which has bitterly divided the House G.O.P. and wrought havoc in that chamber.

The Rule of Five, formally known as Section 2954, was first enacted in 1928, establishing a right for lawmakers to access information from the executive branch.

Both U.S. Senators from Illinois want all the files related to Jeffrey Epstein and his associates to be released.